Kev nqis peev hauv lub hnub ci photovoltaic (PV) yog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntev - uas tuaj yeem txo koj cov nqi hluav taws xob thiab cov pa roj carbon ntau. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog ntau lub npe thiab cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb, xaiv qhov system zoo tuaj yeem xav tias nyuaj. Txhawm rau pab koj ua kom paub yuav khoom, peb tau distilled txheej txheem xaiv mus rau peb yam tseem ceeb. Kev nkag siab txog cov no yuav ua kom koj tau txais ib qho system uas muaj txiaj ntsig, txhim khu kev qha, thiab xa cov nqi siab tshaj plaws rau ntau xyoo.
1. Kev Hloov Ua Haujlwm Zoo - Tau txais ntau lub zog los ntawm txhua lub hnub ci
Kev hloov pauv kev ua tau zoo yog qhov sib tham tshaj plaws - txog kev qhia tshwj xeeb hauv hnub ci, thiab yog vim li cas. Nws ntsuas ntau npaum li cas hnub ci tawm tsam lub vaj huam sib luag yog hloov mus ua hluav taws xob siv tau. Piv txwv li, yog tias lub vaj huam sib luag tau txais 1000 watts ntawm lub hnub ci ib square meter thiab muaj 22% kev ua haujlwm, nws tsim tau 220 watts ntawm hluav taws xob. Qhov siab dua qhov ua tau zoo, ntau lub zog koj tsim los ntawm tib lub ru tsev cheeb tsam.
Mainstream hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tau los ntev heev txij li thaum ua raws li qub PERC thev naus laus zis, raws li cov qauv tsim tshiab tshaj plaws siv qhov tseeb TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) thiab HJT (Heterojunction) xov tooj ntawm tes technology, uas yog outpacing ib txwm tsim nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm efficiency nrog loj ntau lawm conversion efficiency ntawm 24-26%. Tsis tas li ntawd, txij li ob qho tib si TOPCon thiab HJT muaj cov khoom tsim hluav taws xob ntau dua li cov qauv PERC hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, uas feem ntau muaj cov khoom tsim tawm txij li lawv muaj kev ua haujlwm loj ntawm 21-22%, cov hom tshiab ntawm hnub ci vaj huam sib luag no muaj peev xwm tsim tau 5-8% lub zog ntau dua li niaj hnub PERC solar panels thaum muab tib lub hnub ci insolation.
Vim li cas cov ntaub ntawv no yuav txaus siab rau koj? Ntau tus tswv tsev lossis cov tswv ntawm cov tsev lag luam yuav muaj qhov txwv lub ru tsev rau nruab lub hnub ci PV fais fab vim muaj kev cuam tshuam / cuam tshuam. Yog tias koj muaj qhov txwv lub ru tsev, siv lub hnub ci zoo tshaj plaws yuav tso cai rau koj los txhim kho lub peev xwm loj dua hnub ci PV zog dua li koj puas tuaj yeem nruab yog tias koj siv cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag. Txawm hais tias koj muaj qhov chaw ru tsev txaus, siv lub hnub ci zoo tshaj plaws yuav tso cai rau koj kom txo tau cov vaj huam sib luag uas koj xav tau yuav, yog li txo cov khoom siv hluav taws xob / racking thiab kev teeb tsa. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim muaj cov yam ntxwv sab hauv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm hom tshiab ntawm TOPCon / HJT hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, lawv yuav txuas ntxiv tsim cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua li niaj hnub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag hauv huab lossis qis- teeb pom kev zoo (tag kis / yav tsaus ntuj / overcast). Nco ntsoov nug koj tus neeg muag khoom rau qhov kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag uas koj tab tom txiav txim siab yuav khoom thiab nco ntsoov tias koj xav paub qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis yog qhov theoretical siab tshaj plaws kev ntsuas ntsuas tau teev los ntawm kev kuaj sim.
2. Fais fab sib piv (Oversizing) – Vim li cas koj cov panels yuav tsum "outrun" koj Inverter
Ntau tus thawj zaug -lub sijhawm cov neeg yuav khoom xav tias lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag wattage yuav tsum ua raws nraim li inverter wattage. Hauv kev muaj tiag, cov kws tshaj lij txhim kho pom zoo ib qho kev coj ua hu ua oversizing lossis "DC: AC ratio." Tshwj xeeb, tag nrho lub zog ntawm koj lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag (DC, hauv watts) yuav tsum yog 10% mus rau 30% siab dua lub zog inverter (AC, hauv watts).
Piv txwv li, yog tias koj nruab 10 kW ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, ua ke nrog 8 kW inverter (tus piv ntawm 1.25) yog qhov zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig. Vim li cas? Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tsis tshua tsim lawv lub zog siab tshaj plaws. Cov yam ntxwv xws li cua sov, plua plav, av, xaim poob, thiab lub hnub lub kaum sab xis tag nrho txo cov zis tawm. Nyob rau ib hnub ib txwm, koj cov vaj huam sib luag tsuas yog ntaus 80-90% ntawm lawv cov ntawv teev npe rau ob peb teev nyob rau yav tav su. Oversizing xyuas kom meej tias txawm tias nyob rau hauv tsawg dua -txoj kev zoo tshaj - thaum sawv ntxov, yav tav su lig, lossis lub teeb huab npog - lub inverter tau txais DC lub zog txaus los ua haujlwm ntawm nws qhov kev pom zoo, yog li txuas ntxiv lub qhov rais txhua hnub.
Ntxiv mus, me ntsis "clipped" ncov thaum ob peb lub siab -irradiance hnub yog kev lag luam me me- tawm piv rau tag nrho cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev sau txhua hnub. Niaj hnub nimno inverters tuav oversizing yam xyuam xim, tsuav yog qhov siab tshaj plaws input voltage tsis tshaj. Xaiv txoj cai DC: AC piv (feem ntau yog 1.1 txog 1.3) yog ib qho kev qhia ntawm lub qhov dej -tsim qauv. Nws nce koj lub zog txhua xyoo los ntawm 2-5% piv rau qhov zoo sib xws, tsis muaj nqi ntxiv rau cov vaj huam sib luag lawv tus kheej. Thaum sib piv cov nqe lus, nug tus installer: "Kuv DC: AC piv yog dab tsi, thiab vim li cas koj xaiv nws?"
3. Daim ntawv pov thawj & Warranty - Koj tsuas yog Guarantee ntawm tiag-Kev Ua Haujlwm Ntiaj Teb
Hauv kev lag luam uas tsis muaj kev tswj hwm, qee tus neeg muag khoom yuav ua rau muaj kev ntsuas hluav taws xob ntau lossis muag cov khoom siv tsis zoo uas degrade sai hauv ob peb xyoos. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv koj cov peev txheej, ib txwm xav tau kev ywj pheej, thib peb -ib tog ntawv pov thawj thiab kev lav zoo.
Warranty teeb meem - thiab muaj ob hom:
Khoom warranty- Npog kev tsim khoom tsis xws luag, xws li cov hlwb tawg, qhov sib txuas lub thawv tsis ua haujlwm, lossis cov ncej corrosion. Reputable hom muaj 12 txog 15 xyoo, nrog rau qee qhov tam sim no muab 25 xyoo.
Kev ua tau zoo warranty- Kev lees paub tias lub vaj huam sib luag lub zog tso tawm yuav tsis degrade qis dua ib qib dhau sijhawm. Tus qauv yog 90% ntawm lub zog ntsuas ntawm xyoo 10 thiab 80-85% ntawm xyoo 25. Zam cov hom uas muaj tsawg dua 80% ntawm xyoo 25.
Cov Lus Qhia Kawg
Tsis txhob cia technical jargon ntshai koj. Ua kom pom tseeb ntawm peb tus ncej no: kev hloov pauv siab ua haujlwm siab (24-26% los ntawm TOPCon/HJT), qhov kev paub zoo DC: AC oversizing piv (1.1 txog 1.3), thiab daim ntawv pov thawj IEC tag nrho ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv zoo los ntawm cov qib siab tshaj plaws. Lub hnub ci system tsim los ntawm cov kev txwv no yuav ua kom muaj zog ntau dua ib hnub, kav ntev dua, thiab xa cov nyiaj txiag rov qab uas koj xav tau. Thaum koj npaj yuav, nug koj tus neeg tsim khoom kom sau peb tus lej no - thiab koj yuav tau txiav txim siab paub tseeb.
